Irish History: Pennsylvania Early Years

In the early years of Pennsylvania, the Pennconvince Germans to migrate to the eastern part
family invited settlers of all kinds to colonize theof the state and the Irish to migrate westward.
state. To this call, responded many Irish, mostlyLarge parts of York County were settled by
from the northern Irish provinces. The massivethese migrating Irish, and later many of the
Irish emigration was unexpected and they weresettlements became a part of Adams County
not the most respected people. But it was toowhich is largely Irish today. A little later they
late to retract the open immigration policy.began migrating west along the Juniata River and
The Irish settled in the counties of Chester,over the Alleghany mountains. Since this was prior
Lancaster, Northampton and Northumberland. Asto land settlement agreements reached between
well, a large population settled along the Marylandthe Penn family and the native Indians, this caused
line in the area disputed between the Penns andmore disturbances between the Irish and the
Lord Baltimore. This land was suitable toIndians.
squatters, which many of the Irish were, becauseEventually one disputed area after another was
it was not yet for sale and was considered hardsettled, and treaties made, much of the time just
to govern, given the land dispute.after very violent skirmishes between the Irish
Beginning in the early 1700's German emigrationand the Indians. It seemed that as soon as an
from the Palatinates on the Rhine brought large,area was officially settled, the Irish would again
strong, community orientated, industrial groups tomigrate westward to yet more unsettled
the same Pennsylvania counties of which the Irishterritory. When the Pennsylvania counties west of
had already immigrated to. These Germans werethe Allegheny River were official declared and
known for prejudice against the Irish whom theymapped, the Irish had already been there for
considered not suitable to be colonist. As well, thesome time. During this same period, many of the
Quaker proprietors of Pennsylvania consideredIrish joined military ranks and fought in the
most of the Irish to be stubborn squatters, asRevolutionary War. They were known as tough
many of them truly were. Quarreling wasand ready fighters.
abundant.In 1795, owing to a ratified treaty made by
The Irish, bowing to some of this pressure, asGeneral Wayne and the Indians, it became safer
well as being generally hardy, stubborn and boldto cross the Allegheny River and settle lands
people, gradually began migrating west orthere. The bold, ever curious Irish were the first
south-west. The Irish were known for beingto rush into this area in mass and begin families
intolerant of Indians, as well as for others whoand farms. It wasn't long until most of western
had any prejudice against them, and so disputesPennsylvania, near the Ohio border, was
were many. In the mid 1700's the disturbancespredominantly Irish and Scotch-Irish. The migration
between Germans and Irish encouraged theof the Irish across the state was complete.
Pennsylvania proprietors and administrators to