| In the holy ground of the churchyards of Ireland, | | | | mystery, years later, but their frequent use in |
| simple stone crosses rest in remembrance of | | | | Celtic art and design speaks to spiritual meanings, |
| those who have passed. For centuries, these | | | | and to the notion of eternity. The spiral, in |
| ringed crosses, known as Celtic Crosses, have | | | | particular, is thought to represent growth, and the |
| been used as symbols of faith and hope, along | | | | journey through life. |
| with other crosses, such as High Crosses. A true | | | | When the first High Crosses appeared in Celtic |
| Celtic Cross will always include a central ring, which | | | | lands during the ninth century, they were often |
| is thought to be borrowed from Pagan rituals of | | | | adorned with zoomorphic, or animal, symbols...but |
| yore, representing the Sun. The four points of the | | | | why? Some people feel that many aspects of |
| Celtic Cross represent the four directions, north, | | | | Celtic and High Crosses were borrowed from the |
| south, east and west. | | | | Druids, who worshipped the natural world. |
| When Celtic Crosses first appeared in Ireland, | | | | The addition of complex, richly-detailed animal |
| they were often decorated with Runic symbols, | | | | symbols such as wolfhounds, birds, and other |
| and sometimes with zoomorphic images of | | | | creatures, may have been passed down from the |
| animals as well. While they may have been | | | | Druids. Zoomorphic symbols faded in popularity |
| considered Pagan symbols back in the day, Celtic | | | | over the years, and Celtic Crosses continued to |
| Crosses have become potent symbols of | | | | evolve into their modern variations. |
| Christianity in Ireland. | | | | Today, master craftsmen still embrace the |
| The Insular Art movement produced many fine | | | | beauty and meaning of Celtic Crosses, and many |
| examples of Celtic Crosses, throughout Ireland, | | | | Irish families still place a Cross on the grave of a |
| Scotland, and Wales. Insular Art is complex, | | | | loved one, to symbolize their faith in a higher |
| symbolic, and somewhat mysterious. The art | | | | power. Today, Celtic Crosses can also be found in |
| movement gained its name from the fact that is | | | | jewelry designs such as pendants, and they are |
| was impossible to ascertain exactly where the art | | | | crafted of gold, silver, and often precious stones |
| may have been made. Often, art treasures and | | | | such as emeralds and diamonds. The pleasing lines |
| metalwork was moved from one country to | | | | and intricate knot work of modern Celtic Cross |
| another. | | | | jewelry designs have made them popular choices |
| It is certain that many Celtic Crosses were made | | | | for many wearers who wish to honor their Celtic |
| in Ireland, rather than simply brought there, but | | | | heritage. |
| others have a hazier origin. The Insular art | | | | If you travel to Ireland, you will find ancient and |
| movement began after the Romans retreated | | | | modern examples of the Celtic Cross in churches, |
| from Celtic lands, and grew stronger as the Celtic | | | | churchyards, and other landmarks. It is thought |
| people embraced Christianity. | | | | that some Celtic Crosses were placed in the |
| Irish master artists have a long tradition of | | | | ground in order to guide travelers on their |
| expertise with metalwork and stonework, and, in | | | | journey. |
| past centuries, they added real beauty and | | | | The timeless nature of the Celtic Cross ensures |
| meaning to Celtic Crosses. Unlike the Crucifix, | | | | that each generation discovers its meaning and |
| which features painful and sad images of Jesus in | | | | history, decade after decade. The crosses are a |
| his suffering, the Celtic Cross is more decorative | | | | touching symbol of the past, and an important |
| and less graphic. For example, the Celtic Cross | | | | way to remain in touch with the beliefs and spirit |
| often features carved symbols and intricate knot | | | | of Christianity. Celtic Crosses will always remain an |
| work that symbolize life-force and the eternal | | | | integral part of Irish art and culture, whether they |
| nature of all things. Irish master craftsmen sought | | | | are worn as pendants, or placed in remembrance |
| out many small variations to the Celtic Cross, | | | | upon the final resting place of a loved one. |
| adding a rich, three-dimensional quality to the | | | | The fascinating history and meaning of Celtic |
| simple structure. | | | | Crosses is often steeped in mystery, but there is |
| Some other examples of decoration used to | | | | no doubt that the love of God prompted their |
| enhance the beauty of stone and metal Celtic | | | | creation. For this reason, they will always retain |
| Crosses are whorls and spirals, popular symbols | | | | their appeal, and represent the special, unique |
| used in many Celtic designs of the Insular Art | | | | nature of the Celtic people. |
| period. Some symbols remain wrapped in | | | | |