Rangoli: The Sacred Knot Work of India

When people think of knot work design whatand some that had floral shapes. I found out that
typically comes to mind are Celtic motifs fromit is also common during festivals to depict Hindu
England and Scotland. Like most people I knewiconography, such as the conch, lotus or sacred
nothing of the knot work design coming out ofSanskrit letters. In Rajastan, which is in the
the Buddhist and Hindu cultures of India until Inorthwest part of India, the Rangoli images are
spent a month in the South Indian city of Chennai.painted on the handles of swords or knives
Walking in the early mornings, I'd find intricatecarved into animals Rangoli can also be found on
knot work patterns drawn out free hand withcoconut shell used as gifts during weddings. In
flour on the streets in front of homes. Initially, mymany cases, since only a general outline is
question was, how did these designs, so commondepicted which is not colored in, the images lean
in Celtic knot work, end up in India?toward the abstract.
These artistic scrolls were known as Rongoli,From an entirely different perspective, Rangoli
which is a combination of two words: "Ranga"designs can be seen as a form of mandalas.
means God and "Oli" meaning to be pleased. AMandalas are a sacred, archetypal symbol
devout Hindu friend explained to me that thesometimes used as objects of contemplation in
designs were a daily offering, an artful expressionesoteric meditation practice. The basic idea is that
of worship not only for the deities, but also forzig-zags, circles, triangle or any shape are believed
the birds that feast on the flour designs duringto have a certain effect on consciousness. Among
the day.the most elaborate mandalas are drawn by
The tradition is truly ancient. Hindu epics thousandsTibetans, some of which have knot work motifs;
of years old describe cities where Rangoli wereparticularly, the endless knot which is a well known
drawn with camphor powder or multicoloredBuddhist symbol representing eternality. Tibetans
stones. One myth tells how a woman's Rangolispend days creating detailed mandalas in sand
picture of flowers was so realistic that itbefore ceremonially wiping the image out.
attracted bees.Though the act of creating these patterns in
The designs were also done with red earth andritualistic and domestic settings are layered with
even depicted with milk carefully poured into ameanings rooted deeply in these cultures, it is
water vessel. The ability to draw these designssafe to say that Rangoli teaches about reverence
was considered so important that it broughtand the transience in our human experience. The
status, particularly to a daughter-in-law seeking tobeauty of the moment, the sunrise and the day,
impress her new mother-in-law. Even today, therecomes and it goes. By the end of the day, the
can be a bit of playful competition between houseRangoli I would pass in the morning would be a
holds.faded shadow of its former glory.
The technique looks simple enough, but reallyAs someone who is fascinated by the symbolic
requires a skill since it is done free hand.meaning of Celtic design, my visit to India helped
Sometimes I would come across people in theme to see how universal knot work design is. For
process of actually making the designs. Rangolime, seeing the art drawn on the street was a
images start from a matrix of dots that arefascinating and delightful experience which enabled
placed in a particular configuration. These are thenme to gain a deeper appreciation of a fascinating
connected by lines to create images.culture.
I saw knot work motifs that were geometrical,